Bending Titanium Pipes For Aerospace Engineering

1. Density: 4.51 g/cm³ (approximately 57% that of steel)
2. Melting point: 1668°C
3. Coefficient of thermal expansion: 8.6×10⁻⁶/°C (approximately half that of steel)
4. Modulus of elasticity: 110 GPa (approximately half that of steel)
5. Thermal conductivity: 17 W/(m·K) (approximately one-quarter that of steel)

Mainstream Methods for Bending Titanium Tubes (Cold Bending / Warm Bending / Hot Bending)

1. Cold Bending Process (Primarily Gr1/Gr2, φ ≤ 50 mm, t ≥ 1.5 mm)

Applications: Small diameters, medium wall thicknesses, R/D ≥ 3, high precision requirements, no heat treatment required

Key Equipment: CNC bending machine (with mandrel, anti-wrinkle die, and pressing die), mandrel-less rolling, push bending

2. Warm Bending Process (200–450°C; Gr5/TGr9 preferred)

Applications: α-β alloys such as Gr5; R/D ratio of 2.5–3; medium diameters; balances ductility and mechanical properties

Core Principles: Heating increases ductility, lowers the yield strength, reduces springback, allows for smaller R/D ratios, and prevents grain coarsening at high temperatures

3. Hot bending process (600–800°C; large diameter, thin-walled, small R/D ratio, β-alloys)

Applications: φ ≥ 60 mm, t ≤ 2 mm, R/D ≤ 2.5, Gr5/β-alloys, complex high-angle bends

1. Key Process Control Points

• Material Condition: Must be in the annealed condition (M condition); cold bending is strictly prohibited for materials in the solution-treated or aged condition, as insufficient plasticity may lead to cracking.
• Wall Thickness Reduction: ≤12% (aerospace), ≤15% (general-purpose); cracks on the outer surface are strictly prohibited.
• Cross-sectional Distortion: Ellipticity ≤5%–8% ((Dmax – Dmin)/D) × 100%
• Angular Accuracy: ±0.5° to ±1°, with adequate springback compensation
• Surface: Free of scratches, indentations, oxidation, and cracks; acid wash or polish as necessary

2. Inspection Items

• Appearance: Visual inspection + Penetrant Testing (PT) to detect surface microcracks
• Dimensions: R/D, angle, ovality, wall thickness (ultrasonic thickness measurement)
• Performance: Tensile, hardness, and residual stress tests as required
• Air/Water Pressure: Pressure-bearing pipe fittings must undergo leak testing

1. More than 15 years experiences of producing titanium products.
2. Specializing in the production of various titanium materials and types of machined parts.
3. Provide customers with titanium products solutions.
4. Superior material and competitive price.
5. Reply your inquiry within 24 hours.

1. By international express: DHL, UPS, FEDEX, TNT, SF, Postal express.(around 4~5 days)

2. By air cargo (around 5~7 days)

3. By sea/ocean (around 12~25 days)

4. By railway train(around 20-40 days)

E-mail: garychen3215@hotmail.com

Address: No.35, Baoti Rd, Baoji city, Shaanxi Province, China

Contact: Mr. Gary Chen

Phone: +86-917-8883215

Mobile/WhatsApp: +86 13092900605

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